He maha ngā wheketere LCD e āhei ana ki te whakaputa i ngā hangarau mata LCD, tae atu ki a LG Display, BOE, Samsung, AUO, Sharp, TIANMA me ētahi atu. He maha ngā tau o te wheako kua kohia e rātou ki te hangarau whakaputa, ā, he rerekē te whakataetae matua o ia wheketere. Te Hanga He nui te wāhi mākete o ngā mata LCD e hangaia ana, ā, ko rātou ngā kaiwhakarato matua. I tēnei rā, ka whakamāramahia e mātou ko wai ngā kaiwhakarato mata LCD?
1. BOE
Ko BOE tētahi o ngā māngai matua o te kaiwhakarato mata LCD o Haina, ā, ko ia te kaihanga papa whakaatu nui rawa atu i Haina. I tēnei wā, kua eke te nui o ngā mata LCD i hangaia e BOE i roto i ngā mara o ngā rorohiko pona me ngā waea pūkoro ki te tūranga tuatahi o te ao. Kei te haere tonu tā rātou whakaputa mata LCD mō ngā hua i roto i te umanga hikohiko pērā i a Huawei me Lenovo. Kei Beijing, Chengdu, Hefei, Ordos, me Chongqing, Fuzhou me ētahi atu wāhi o te whenua ngā wheketere.
2. LG
Nō te LG Group o Kōrea ki te Tonga a LG Display, e taea ai e rātou te hanga i ngā momo mata LCD. I tēnei wā, e tuku ana rātou i ngā mata LCD mā Apple, HP, Dell, Sony, Philips me ētahi atu hua hiko.
3. Samsung
Ko Samsung te kamupene hikohiko nui rawa atu i Kōrea ki te Tonga. Kua whakaitihia te matotoru o āna mata LCD i tēnei wā, engari kei te pupuri tonu i te kounga teitei. Kei a ia te hangarau matua o ngā mata LCD, ā, ka kaweakehia āna hua ki te ao katoa.
4. Innolux
He kamupene hanga hangarau a Innolux i Taiwan, Haina. Ka hangaia e rātou ngā panera LCD me ngā panera pā katoa i ngā rahi nui, waenga me te iti. He kaha te tīma hangarau, ā, ka hangaia e rātou ngā mata LCD mō ngā kiritaki pēnei i a Apple, Lenovo, HP, me Nokia.
5. AUO
Ko AUO te kamupene hoahoa, rangahau me te whakawhanake, hanga me te hokohoko papa whakaatu karaihe wai nui rawa atu o te ao. Kei Taiwan tōna tari matua, ā, kei Suzhou, Kunshan, Xiamen me ētahi atu wāhi ōna wheketere. E whakaputa ana i ngā mata LCD mā Lenovo, ASUS, Samsung me ētahi atu kiritaki.
6. Toshiba
He kamupene ao whānui a Toshiba, ko tōna tari matua i Hapani he whare rangahau me te whakawhanake, ā, kei Shenzhen, Ganzhou me ētahi atu wāhi ōna turanga whakaputa. Ka taea e ia te hanga i ngā mata LCD SED hou me ngā ihirangi hangarau teitei.
7. Tianma Microelectronics
He kamupene tūmatanui nui a Tianma Microelectronics e whakauru ana i te R&D, te hoahoa, te whakaputa, te hoko me te ratonga o ngā whakaaturanga LCD. Ko ngā mata LCD e hangaia ana, e whakawhanakehia ana hoki, e whakamahia ana e VIVO, OPPO, Xiaomi, Huawei me ētahi atu kamupene.
8. Hunan Future Electronics
He umanga hangarau auaha a Hunan Future e tohunga ana ki te R&D, te hoahoa, te whakaputa me te hoko i ngā taputapu whakaatu karaihe wai me ngā hua tautoko. E whakapau kaha ana kia noho hei umanga matua i te ao whakaatu, me te whakarato i ngā waeine whakaatu karaihe wai paerewa me ngā waeine whakarite ki ngā kiritaki. He tohunga te kamupene ki te whakaputa me te whakahaere i ngā momo hua LCD tae-kotahi me te tae-kotahi, tae-kotahi tae (tae atu ki ngā waeine TFT tae). Ināianei, ko ngā hua a te kamupene e kapi ana i ngā LCD pēnei i te TN, HTN, STN, FSTN, DFSTN, me te VA, ngā LCM pēnei i te COB, COG, me te TFT, me ngā momo hua hiko pēnei i te TP, OLED, me ētahi atu.
Mai i te putanga mai o te hangarau whakaatu karaihe wai (LCD) i te tau 1968, kua whanake tonu te hangarau, ā, kua uru atu ngā hua whakamutunga ki ngā āhuatanga katoa o te hanga me te oranga o te tangata. Nā te whanaketanga tonu o te hangarau, kua āta puta te hangarau OLED i roto i te ao whakaatu hou, engari ko te LCD tonu te hangarau matua.
Whai muri i ngā tekau tau o te whanaketanga, kua whakawhitia tonutia te kaha whakaputa papa LCD ki tōku whenua, ā, kua puta ake he maha ngā kaihanga papa LCD whakataetae. I tēnei wā, kua āta ora ake te umanga papa whakaatu, ā, e tika ana kia tīmata he huringa tipu hou.
(1) Kei te tupu haere ngā hangarau hou i roto i te ao o te whakaaturanga, ā, kei te noho tonu te LCD hei mea matua.
I tēnei wā, ko te LCD me te OLED ngā huarahi hangarau e rua e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te ao o ngā whakaaturanga hou. He āhuatanga me ngā painga anō ō rāua i runga i te hangarau me te tono, nō reira he whakataetae i roto i ngā āhuatanga tono whakaaturanga maha. Ka taea e ngā diode rama-whakaputa koiora (OLED), e mōhiotia ana ko ngā whakaaturanga hiko-reera koiora me ngā semiconductors rama-whakaputa koiora, te huri tika i te pūngao hiko ki te pūngao mārama o ngā ngota rauemi semiconductor koiora. Kāore e hiahiatia ana e ngā panera e whakamahi ana i te hangarau whakaaturanga OLED te whakamahi i ngā kōwae rama-muri. Heoi, nā te korenga o te tuku taputapu matua OLED, te whakawhirinaki ki ngā kawemai o ngā rauemi mata matua, te iti o te hua hua me ngā utu nui, me ētahi atu. Mai i te tirohanga a te tukanga ahumahi OLED o te ao, kei te tīmatanga tonu te whanaketanga o te OLED, ā, kei te noho tonu te LCD i te tūranga tino rangatira.
E ai ki ngā raraunga a Sihan Consulting, ka kapi te hangarau TFT-LCD i te 71% o te ao hangarau whakaaturanga hou i te tau 2020. Ka whakamahia e te TFT-LCD te huinga transistor i runga i te papa karāhe o te panera karaihe wai hei hanga i ia pika o te LCD he pana haurua motuhake. Ka taea e ia pika te whakahaere i te karaihe wai i waenga i ngā papa karāhe e rua mā roto i ngā pāorooro ira, arā, ka taea te whakahaere motuhake, tika me te haere tonu o ia pika "ira-ki-ira" mā roto i ngā pana hohe. Ka āwhina tēnei hoahoa ki te whakapai ake i te tere urupare o te mata whakaaturanga karaihe wai, ā, ka taea te whakahaere i te hina hina e whakaaturia ana, kia pai ake ai ngā tae ahua me te kounga ahua pai ake.
I taua wā anō, kei te whanake tonu te hangarau LCD, e whakaatu ana i te kaha hou, ā, kua riro te hangarau whakaaturanga mata piko hei tētahi o ngā putanga hou o te hangarau LCD. Mā te hohonutanga tirohanga i hangaia e te piko o te mata whakaatu piko ka nui ake te tūturutanga me te whai rawa o te taumata pikitia, ka whakarei ake i te wairua o te rumaki tirohanga, ka pōuriuri i te rohe pakari i waenga i te mariko me te mooni, ka whakaiti i te tawhiti rerekē i waenga i te pikitia taha i ngā taha e rua o te mata me te kanohi tangata, ā, ka whiwhi i te ahua taurite ake. Whakapai ake i te tirohanga. I roto i ēnei, ka pakaru te hangarau waeine mata taurangi LCD i roto i te ahua pumau o ngā waeine whakaaturanga LCD i roto i te hangarau whakaputa papatipu, ā, ka whakatutuki i te huringa kore utu o ngā waeine mata taurangi LCD i roto i te whakaaturanga mata piko me te whakaaturanga tika, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi te whakarite i a rātou ake kia rite ki ā rātou hiahia. Pēhia te kī hei huri i waenga i ngā āhua tika me te tika, ka whakatutuki i te aratau mata i roto i ngā horopaki rerekē pēnei i te tari, te kēmu, me te whakangahau, me te whakatutuki i te whakamahinga o te huringa maha-wāhi.
(2) Te tere o te whakawhiti i te kaha whakaputa papa LCD ki te tuawhenua o Haina
I tēnei wā, ko te nuinga o te umanga papa LCD kei Hapani, Kōrea ki te Tonga, Taiwana, me Haina matua. I tīmata tōmuri a Haina matua, engari kua tere te whanaketanga i ngā tau tata nei. I te tau 2005, ko te kaha whakaputa papa LCD o Haina e 3% noa iho o te ao katoa, engari i te tau 2020, kua piki ake te kaha whakaputa LCD o Haina ki te 50%.
I te whanaketanga o te umanga LCD o tōku whenua, kua puta ake he maha ngā kaihanga papa LCD whakataetae, pērā i a BOE, Shenzhen Tianma, me China Star Optoelectronics. E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga a Omdia i te tau 2021, ka tū te BOE ki te tūranga tuatahi i roto i ngā tukunga papa LCD o te ao me te 62.28 miriona tukunga, e 23.20% o te mākete. Haunga te whanaketanga tere o ngā umanga i tōku whenua matua, i raro i te papamuri o te wehenga mahi hangahanga o te ao me te whakahoutanga me te whakatuwheratanga o tōku whenua, kua haumi hoki ngā kamupene o tāwāhi pērā i a Samsung Display me LG Display o Kōrea ki te Tonga ki roto, ā, kua hanga wheketere ki tōku whenua matua, ā, he pānga pai tēnei ki te whanaketanga o te umanga LCD o tōku whenua.
(3) Kua piki ake te mākete o te papa whakaatu, ā, kua tīmata he huringa piki hou
E ai ki ngā raraunga utu panera, i muri i te Oketopa 2022, kua tino puhoi te hekenga o ngā panera, ā, kua hoki anō ngā utu o ētahi panera rahi. Te whakaoranga ia marama 2/3/10/13/20 tāra US/wāhanga, kei te piki haere tonu ngā utu panera, kua tīmata anō te huringa piki. I mua, nā te hekenga o ngā hikohiko kaihoko, te nui rawa o te tuku me te puhoi o te tono i roto i te umanga panera, i heke tonu ngā utu panera, ā, i tino whakaitihia hoki e ngā kaihanga panera te whakaputanga. Whai muri i te tata ki te haurua tau o te whakakorenga o ngā taonga, ka mutu te hekenga o ngā utu panera, ka pumau mai i te mutunga o te tau 2022 ki te tīmatanga o te tau 2023, ā, kei te hoki haere te mekameka tuku ki ngā taumata taonga noa. I tēnei wā, kei te iti te taha tuku me te taha tono, ā, kāore he tikanga mō te hekenga nui o ngā utu panera katoa, ā, kua whakaatu te panera i tētahi ia whakaora. E ai ki ngā raraunga mai i Omdia, he whakahaere rangahau ngaio mō te umanga panera, whai muri i te hekenga i te tau 2022, e matapaetia ana ka puta te tipu o te rahi o te mākete panera mō ngā tau e ono karapīpiti, e matapaetia ana ka piki ake mai i te US$124.2 piriona i te tau 2023 ki te US$143.9 piriona i te tau 2028, he pikinga 15.9%. Kei te tata te umanga panera ki te puta i ngā huringa nui e toru: te huringa whakahou, te tuku me te tono, me te utu. I te tau 2023, e matapaetia ana ka tīmata he huringa tipu hou. Ko te whakaoranga e matapaetia ana o te umanga panera kua akiaki hoki i te whānui o te kaha whakaputa a ngā kaihanga panera. E ai ki ngā raraunga a te Huajing Industrial Research Institute, ko te kaha whakaputa o ngā panera whakaatu LCD o Haina ka 175.99 miriona mita tapawha i te tau 2020, ā, e matapaetia ana ka eke ki te 286.33 miriona mita tapawha i te tau 2025, he pikinga 62.70%.
Wā tuku: Akuhata-08-2023
